The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) grew out of the Shanghai Five, which was founded in April 1996 by China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. After the inclusion of Uzbekistan in June 2001, the SCO became a regional security organization. With the accession of India and Pakistan as full members in June 2017, the number of the SCO member states has grown to eight.
Omirbek Hanayi is a research fellow in the Eurasian Research Institute at H.A.Yassawi Kazakh Turkish International University. In 2009 graduated from Minzu University of China Faculty of Kazakh language and literature. In 2008-2009, he studied in Turcology Department of Justus Liebig Giessen University as an exchange student. In 2010, he entered the Turcology Department of Justus Liebig Giessen University in 2010. During 2010-2012 he work in the project named “Kasachisch im postsowjetischen Kasachstan”.