In the face of deepening contradictions in energy relations between Russia and the European Union (EU), the Caspian region came into the focus of the international community’s attention. The hydrocarbon-rich countries of the region, in particular, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, are considered by the EU as vital energy partners, which could secure the European energy supplies in the future. Therefore, Baku, Astana and Ashgabat occupied special place in the EU’s strategy of oil and natural gas supply diversification.