Kazakhstan has implemented important reforms and achieved major breakthroughs in its political and socioeconomic development, and the nation’s energy and mineral resources have played a crucial role in this transformation. At the same time, however, Kazakhstan has not largely succeeded in developing its non-resource-based industrial and tradable sectors, which results […]
In November 2019, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe made history having become the nation’s longest-serving prime minister: he surpassed Taro Katsura, Japan’s prime minister in the early twentieth century. Abe had big plans for 2020 since the country was supposed to host the Summer Olympic Games, and the prime minister […]
On October 31, 2000, the United Nations Security Council adopted a landmark resolution that established the Women, Peace and Security agenda. Among other things, Resolution 1325 (2000) reaffirmed the important role of women in the prevention and resolution of conflicts and in peacebuilding, stressing the importance of their equal participation […]
Public diplomacy methods are becoming increasingly important for states to achieve their goals in line with their foreign policy agendas and strategies. Over the last 10 years, Turkey has also made considerable strides in its international relations, establishing new institutions and restructuring pre-existing ones. In this regard, Turkey’s public diplomacy […]
China, which has invested billions of dollars and provided loans to Central Asia, continues to be one of the most important trading partners of the countries in the region. According to the 2019 data, China is the top trading partner for Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, the second largest for Kazakhstan, […]
On March 1, 2020, the elections to Majlisi Namoyandagon, the lower house of Tajikistan’s parliament (Majlisi Oli), were held. These were the sixth elections after the country gained its independence in 1991. It is noteworthy that the parliamentary elections in Tajikistan are held every five years without any snap elections. […]
Turkey, with historical roots dating back to Asia’s vast steppe, is the successor of the Ottoman Empire extended across the Balkans, Middle East, and Africa. Today, Turkey remains associated in the context of cultural and social relations and citizenship bonds with almost all nations and communities that were part of […]
Nowadays, along with hard power, countries actively use soft power in their foreign policy. As it is known, hard power is based on the use of military, economic or political force. The concept of soft power, which was first introduced by Joseph Nye in 2004, is used as an alternative […]
In early January 2020, following a U.S. airstrike that killed Iranian Major General Qasem Soleimani, the head of the Islamic Revolutionary Corps’ expeditionary Quds Force, the confrontation between Washington and Tehran seriously escalated bringing the world to the brink of war.
On January 15, 2020, U.S. President Donald Trump and Chinese Vice Premier Liu He signed the U.S.-China Trade Agreement in Washington. The 96-page agreement consists in total of eight chapters and covers is-sues such as intellectual property rights, technology transfer, trade in food and agricultural products, financial services, macro-economic policies, […]